3Cr17NiMo(1.2316)
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中国3Cr17NiMo是在参考了瑞典S-136和德国1.2316钢号的优缺点基础上,而设计的新型塑料模具钢(特别适合热塑性腐蚀塑料、适用于高温耐磨型模具、适用于透明、镜面产品和模具),把元素Cr做到15.50-17.50,Ni控制到0.50-1.00之间,Si、Mn控制到0.40-0.60。
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Product Description
3Cr17NiMo is a high-chromium martensitic stainless steel, which breaks through the bottleneck of machinability through the process of acid slag sulfur-increasing and rare earth modification. It surpasses similar imported materials (such as S-136) in corrosion resistance (16% Cr), mirror polishing (# 15000 mesh) and pre-hardening stability (deformation < 0.04%). Its composition design (C 0.30 ~ 0.40%, Cr 16 ~ 17.5%, Mo 0.8 ~ 1.3%) precisely matches PVC medical molds, optical transparent parts and other harsh scenes, and the cost of substitution is reduced by more than 20%. It is the benchmark material for the localization of high-end plastic molds. 3Cr17NiMo takes "high corrosion resistance + mirror polishing + dimensional stability" as its core competitiveness, and it is an ideal choice to replace imported S-136/1.2316.
Smelting Method
-EF + LF + VD + die casting combination process; VD + rare earth modification smelting process is preferred to ensure that the form of sulfide is controllable; Large modules shall be subject to step heating and tempering (such as 600 ℃ tempering to prevent brittleness)
Key steps:
In the LF refining stage, after slagging and desulfurization, 80% of slag is removed, fire bricks (60% of SiO2 and 40% of AlO) are added to make acid slag (alkalinity is 1.0-1.3), and a sulfur core wire is fed to increase the sulfur content to 0.05-0.10%; VD treatment: the vacuum degree is less than or equal to 67Pa, the time is more than or equal to 20 minutes, and deep dehydrogenation/oxygen; Casting optimization: adding rare earth wire (0.4 ~ 0.6 kg/ton molten steel) for sulfide modification treatment to improve machinability Optional ;upgrade process: Electroslag remelting (ESR) is adopted for some high-end batches to further improve the purity;
Process Characteristics
Heat treatment process
Process |
Parameter |
Target performance |
Softening annealing |
Softening annealing 780 ~ 820 ℃ × 2 ~ 8 H |
furnace cooling hardness ≤ 230 HB, optimized machinability |
Quenching |
1020 ~ 1050 ℃ oil cooling/air cooling |
Hardness ≥45 HRC |
Tempering |
200 ~ 300 ℃ Fast cooling (best corrosion resistance) |
Hardness 46~49 HRC |
Pre-hardening and tempering |
1030 ℃ quenching + 780 ~ 800 ℃ tempering |
hardness 26 ~ 30 HRC, dimensional stability |
Hot processing control: forging temperature is 1100 ~ 800 ℃ to avoid precipitation of coarse carbide at low temperature.
Purity
Inclusion control: After rare earth modification treatment, the shape of sulfide changed from strip to spherical, which reduced the stress concentration; Non-metallic inclusions ≤ 2.0 grade (GB/T 10561), the proportion of large size inclusions > 5 μm under ESR process is less than 20%; Gas content: hydrogen content after vacuum degassing ≤ 2.0 ppm, phosphorus ≤ 0.035%, sulfur ≤ 0.020%;
Microstructure
Annealed state: spherical pearlite + uniformly distributed fine carbides (such as Cr CrC) ;
Quenched and tempered state: tempered martensite matrix + dispersed carbide, no network carbide;
Grain size: ASTM 8 ~ 10 grade (fine grain ensures high toughness);
Impact Work
Room temperature impact energy: ≥ 4 J (free-cutting version, S content 0.05% ~ 0.10%); The data of the conventional version are not published, but the mechanical properties show excellent toughness (elongation a ≥ 24%, reduction of area Z ≥ 50%);
Ultrasonic Flaw Detection
ASTM A388/SEP 1921;
Level:
Ordinary grade: defect ≤ Φ2 mm equivalent;
High quality: defect ≤ Φ1 mm equivalent (for high precision mold);
Precautions: after passing the flaw detection in the annealed state after forging, re-inspection is required after milling (to avoid misjudgment of "deceptive wave");
Ex-factory state
Annealed state: hardness ≤ 230 HB (surface such as turning round, drawing round, black fur round, etc.);
Pres-hardened state: 30 ~ 40 HRC (to be customized by protocol)
Size specification
Type |
Size range |
Supply Form |
Round bar |
Φ6~500 mm |
turning round,drawing round, black fur round |
Plate steel |
Thickness 5~300 mm × width ≤600 mm |
Machine-rolled plate and forged plate |
Module |
100~300 mm |
PRE-HARDENED BLOCK |
Product Main features
Feature |
Technical advantage |
Benchmark for comparison |
Super corrosion resistance |
16 ~ 17.5% Cr forms a passive film, acid medium (such as PVC decomposition) |
Better than S-136、1.23166 |
Extremely mirror-polished |
ESR pure substrate, surface roughness Ra < 0.05 μm (# 15000 mesh) |
Optical grade requirements for transparent products |
High dimensional stability |
deformation rate in pre-hardened state < 0.04%,long-term precision attenuation < 1 ‰ |
suitable for precision injection mold |
Easy welding repair |
no hardening layer, no need for preheating (small range) |
reduce the maintenance cost of the mold |
Product Application area
High corrosion plastic mold: PVC injection mold (containing halogen additives), medical device mold (resistant to disinfectant corrosion); Food packaging mold (in line with health standards);
High finish mold: mirror mold for transparent products (lamp lens, CD); Household appliance shell (TV shell, refrigerator liner, washing machine barrel);
Engineering components: hot oil pump valve plate, ship accessories (seawater corrosion resistance); Seamless steel pipe plug (high temperature wear-resistant);
Packing and Shipping
Generally, packing and transportation will be arranged according to the customer's requirements, whether to pack and arrange the appropriate mode of transportation, vehicles, such as whether to directly load and transport, whether to pack steel belts, whether to pack and spray marks, etc.








Keywords:
3Cr17NiMo(1.2316)
FAQ
Q How should I choose the right die steel material for my die?
Ans: There are several key factors to consider when selecting a die steel, including: Mold use: injection molding? Die casting? Stamping? Cold work? Hot work? Processing material: plastic type (including glass fiber?) , metal type, yield requirements. Performance requirements: wear resistance, toughness, corrosion resistance, high temperature strength, polishing, dimensional stability. Budget: The price of different material grades varies greatly. Processing conditions: working temperature, stress, cooling mode. Suggestion: Provide as much detail as possible about the application of the die, or contact our technical sales team directly, and we will recommend the most suitable material grade according to your specific needs.
Q Is the die steel provided by you genuine? How to ensure the quality of materials?
Ans: Yes, the die steel we provide is produced and processed independently. We have long-term cooperation with first-line brands at national and abroad to ensure that all materials are genuine. We provide a complete original warranty (material certificate), including key data such as chemical composition and physical properties. We will also carry out strict factory re-inspection of some materials to ensure that the quality meets the standards.
Q The price of die steel fluctuates greatly. What are the main factors affecting the price?
Ans: The price of die steel is mainly affected by the following factors: Raw material cost: market price fluctuation of alloy elements (such as chromium, molybdenum, vanadium, tungsten, etc.). Production process: ESR, VD/VAR and other special processes increase the cost. Grade and brand of material: The price of material with high performance and famous brand is higher. Specifications and sizes: Premium prices may apply for special sizes, large sizes, or small quantities. Market supply and demand: changes in supply and demand in global and regional markets. Processing state: the price of pre-hard state (such as P20, 718, NAK80, etc.) Is higher than that of annealed state. We will provide a transparent and reasonable quotation according to the market situation.
Q What is time for delivery?
Ans: The delivery time depends on: Material inventory status: Common brands and specifications We usually have in stock, can achieve faster delivery (for example: 1-3 working days). Material specification and status: special size, uncommon brand or special treatment (such as pre-hardening, deep processing) may need to be ordered, the cycle is relatively long (for example: 1-6 weeks). Order size: Large orders may require coordinated production scheduling. Please tell us your specific requirements (brand, specification, status, quantity) at the time of inquiry, and we will provide the most accurate delivery information.
Q Can you provide heat treatment or processing services after the purchase of die steel?
Ans: Yes, we provide complementary professional services: Heat treatment: With professional heat treatment equipment (vacuum quenching, cryogenic treatment, tempering, etc.) And strict process control, we can provide customers with precise heat treatment services (according to material brand and hardness requirements). Finish machining: We can provide precision machining services such as milling, grinding (surface grinding, internal and external grinding), wire cutting, EDM, etc. According to customer's drawings. Please provide your specific needs (drawings, technical requirements), and we will evaluate and provide quotations and service programs.
Q The mold cracks and wears too fast during use. What are the possible reasons? Is it related to the material?
Ans: The causes of mold failure are complex and diverse, which may be related to materials, but also involve many links such as design, processing, heat treatment, service conditions, etc.: Material factors: improper selection of materials (performance does not match the working conditions), internal defects of materials (inclusions, segregation), counterfeit and shoddy materials. Heat treatment factors: Improper process leads to poor structure, uneven hardness and excessive residual stress. Design/processing factors: stress concentration, poor surface roughness, too deep tool marks. Usage factors: overload, insufficient lubrication, poor cooling, improper maintenance. Suggestion: In case of failure, please provide detailed information as much as possible (material grade, heat treatment status, photos of failure location, description of working condition). Our technical team can assist you in preliminary analysis to determine whether it is related to the material or provide suggestions for improvement.
Q Do you have a minimum order quantity (MOQ) requirement for your die steel products?
Ans: For the stock of conventional grades and specifications, we usually do not have strict MOQ restrictions, and can be purchased according to the actual needs of customers. For materials requiring special orders (such as unusual grades, special sizes, customized heat treatment/processing), Certain MOQ requirements may be set to ensure the economy of production, usually a minimum of 8 tons. Please consult our sales staff for specific MOQ before placing an order.
Q In addition to standard grades, can you offer special die steels with custom compositions?
Ans: We mainly deal in standard grades of die steel, which are widely proven to meet the needs of most applications. For the development of customized alloys with special performance requirements, this usually involves a large amount of R & D investment and production coordination, which is costly and takes a long time. We recommend that priority be given to the material closest to the demand from among the existing mature grades, or to meet special requirements by optimizing the heat treatment and surface treatment. If there is a need for customization, please specify the technical requirements and we will evaluate the feasibility.
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